Focusing on major medical problems restricting human's long-term stay in space, and taking into account the health needs of the people on Earth, innovative experiments and research on space medicine have been carried out to provide theoretical and technological foundation for astronauts' long-term health and survival in space. Innovative space medical experiments were carried out to address medical challenges that are critical for long-term stays in space and to improve the health of people on Earth. These experiments laid theoretical support and technological foundations for the long-term stay of astronauts in space.